я не эксперд, но Зейн был бы как пацаненок рядом с Бамстедом )

A significant body of evidence demonstrates that consumption of oat products is linked to a reduction in serum LDL cholesterol, a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1–3). Oats are a source of soluble fiber in the form of β-glucan (as well as arabinoxylan, xyloglucan, and other minor components), insoluble fiber, protein, lipids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and minerals. Whilst other constituents in oats may also have an impact, the cholesterol-lowering activity of oats has been demonstrated to be associated with an increase in viscosity of the gut contents (4) which enhances excretion of bile acids and cholesterol in the feces (5). Indeed, consumption of β-glucan alone can reduce serum cholesterol (6). The weight of evidence in support of a beneficial role of oat β-glucans led the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to authorize the use of health claims on oat products attributing lowering of CVD risk to consumption of at least 3 g per day of β-glucan. Cholesterol lowering claims have also been approved in the EU by the European Commission (7–9) and in a number of other jurisdictions including Australia and New Zealand (10), Canada (11), Brazil (12, 13), Malaysia (14), Indonesia (15), and South Korea (16).
We, and others, consider that the cholesterol-lowering properties of oats may not be solely attributable to the viscous properties of β-glucans (17–19). Recent research suggests a significant role for the gut microbiota in the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis in the host (20). A number of studies have demonstrated the efficacy of probiotics [in particular, probiotic strains with an ability to metabolize host bile acids through bacterial bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity] in lowering cholesterol in animal models or in humans (21–25). Microbial metabolism of bile acids is known to influence systemic cholesterol metabolism. As cholesterol is a precursor of bile acids, influencing bile acid synthesis provides a means for enhanced excretion of cholesterol thereby lowering serum cholesterol levels in the host (26, 27). Bile acid signaling through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and other receptors may also influence host metabolism of cholesterol, for example through the induction of cholesterol transport in the gut (27, 28). Alterations to microbial production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) including propionate are also likely to have consequences for cholesterol metabolism in the host (29), though the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated (30). Importantly, oat products and oat β-glucans have been shown to modulate the gut microbiota in human, animal and in vitro fermentation systems (19, 31, 32). Therefore, oats (including oat β-glucans) may have a dietary influence upon the host gut microbiota with consequences for bile acid signaling, SCFA signaling, and other effects that are known modulators of host cholesterol homeostasis.
Herein we review the evidence linking components of oats with alterations to host microbiota and discuss potential mechanisms by which such microbiota changes may influence host cholesterol metabolism with a particular focus upon bile acid metabolism. Whilst we appreciate that oat β-glucans may also play a role in post-prandial glucose homeostasis (33) in this review we will predominately focus upon mechanisms by which they lower host cholesterol. Our focus is primarily on the effects of oat β-glucans. However, some reference will be made to the mechanistic effects of barley β-glucans, notably in instances where relevant studies have not yet been performed using oat β-glucans.
Clinical Evidence for Cholesterol-Lowering Properties of Oats
Ты английский знаешь?
Откудова?
он конечно, будет сильно переживать по этому поводуЧестно... мне он был не интересен до побед на Олимпии. А сейчас и подавно.
Чувак явно хочет умереть пораньше. Не интересны мне такие личности.
Сообщение изменено: Семён (20 октября 2022 - 11:43)
А это Качок или Олег? Если качок, то трицепса не видно
Ты ещё из-за шторы сними или с расстояния 100 метров.
Для оценки сложения нужны нормальные фото, а не спиженные из форумных сообщений.
Фотограф - есть такая профессия, а копировальщик - это ксерокс. Хуевый у тебя ксерокс.
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